Infectious Diseases


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Infectious Diseases

Infectious diseases or communicable disease : An infectious disease that can be spread from one infected individual to another is called a communicable disease. An infectious disease can be spread from an infected person to a healthy person in many ways such as through food, water, air, direct contact, through a disease carrier like a mosquito, etc. Some infectious diseases are not communicable.

For example, tetanus is an infectious disease which affects the nerves and muscles of the patient. It is caused by a bacterium which enters the body when a wound comes in contact with contaminated soil or animal wastes. But tetanus cannot be spread from person to person. So, it is not a communicable disease.

Infectious diseases are caused by some biological agents (pathogens) such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and single- celled animal protozoans, etc. The presence of an infectious agent may affect the normal body function of the individual, leading to a disease. These can rapidly spread from one person to another by various means such as water, air, food, insects (vectors) or by physical contact. Some infectious diseases that develop and spread rapidly to many people are called epidemic diseases.

Infectious Agents: The unicellular or multicellular organisms that cause infection are called infectious agents. These disease causing organisms are also called pathogens and they are classified into a wide range of categories. Some of them are viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans, etc.

NOTE:

Corona disease 2019 (COVID-19) is also an infecticious disease. It is a contagious respiratory and vascular disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus.The first case was identified in Wuhan. Common symptoms of COVID-19 includes fever, cough, fatique,breathing difficulties,and loss of smell and taste.Symptoms begin in one to fourteen days after exposure to the virus.

Sample Questions
(More Questions for each concept available in Login)
Question : 1

Match column 1 with column 2 and select the correct option from the given codes.

Column 1Column 2
p) Anopheles1) A fungus from which antibiotic is obtained
Q)Rhizobium2)A Viral disease
R) Penicillium3) A bacterium responsible for curdling of milk
S) Hepatitis B4) Nitrogen fixing bacterium
T) Lactobacillus5)Edible fungus
U) Mushroom6) Vector for malarial parasite

 

Right Option : A
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Explanation
Question : 2

Infectious diseases spread through ____________________.

Right Option : D
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Explanation
Question : 3

Who discovered small pox vaccine?

Right Option : D
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Explanation
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